Papers.
Electromagnetic Mass:The Asymmetric Future of Electronic Warfare
At Exercise Hedgehog 2025, roughly ten Ukrainian drone operators flying commercial off-the-shelf airframes rendered two NATO battalions combat-ineffective in about half a day, and were never once detected. This essay takes that result as the wake-up call it was, and argues that mass — cheap, numerous, attritable systems — is displacing exquisite platforms as the decisive factor in the electromagnetic spectrum, and that the procurement machinery of the democratic world is not built to field it in time.
On the Russo-Ukrainian Electromagnetic Struggle for Superiority:Lessons for Australia
Ukraine is the first war since 1973 in which peer forces have contested the spectrum at scale, and neither side has won it — an electronic warfare parity that helped return the trenches to European soil. Reading that deadlock against Russian doctrine, the essay draws three lessons for Australia: pursue electromagnetic superiority deliberately, prefer good enough over perfect, and study Russian EW tactics closely enough to adapt them.